Thursday, January 30, 2020

Arthur Miller uses Alfieri for Dramatic Essay Example for Free

Arthur Miller uses Alfieri for Dramatic Essay In the second part of his speech, Alfieri brings about a notion of tragedy, Another lawyer, quite differently dressed, heard the same complaint and sat there as powerless as I, and watched it run its bloody course. This gives the audience a hint as to what is going to come ahead. The fact that Alfieri speaks in the third person indicates that the calamity has already happened and he was powerless to stop it. The idea of fate and destiny and destiny is also brought about. When Eddie, the protagonist of the play is introduced the scenario of a typical Greek tragedy is set up. Eddie is a good person but he has a flaw; his obsessive love for his niece, Catherine. If he is then put in an appropriate circumstance where his weakness is tested, he is likely to encounter tragic circumstances. The next time Alfieri addresses the audience the story has already been put into context. The audience are unaware of Eddies love for his niece and he could be easily mistaken as an over protective father. Eddie pays for her typing lessons and has ambitions for her to rise to a different class. You aint all the girls. He is proud of her looks, yet concerned she will attract the wrong sort of men. The heads are turning like windmills. In addition Eddie finds it difficult to admit that Catherine has become an independent woman. I guess I just never figured that you would grow up. This Alfieri soliloquy helps the plot to progress. Again he uses the past tense, reminding us that he is recalling something which has taken place. Eddie is described as good and hardworking man, the audience can therefore sympathise and even like him. However Eddie has a fate and destiny which he cannot control. Towards the end of this short appearance, Alfieri notifies us on the arrival of the cousins and the play again unfolds. Subsequently we meet Alfieri who again mentions Eddies destiny. Eddie Carbone had never expected to have a destiny. Yet again we are given the impression that Eddie is a good person and is someone you would expect to have a fairly normal life. A man works, raises his family, goes bowling, eats, gets old, and then he dies. However we are reminded as Alfieri closes his speech that Eddie does have a flaw and as a result there will be devastating consequences. As a result of which, the audience are left in suspense and uncertainty as to what is to come ahead. There was a trouble that would not go away. His next appearance is one of the most important in the play. Alfieri begins by saying how he is acquainted with Eddie and his family, which helps to put his relationship with the husky, middle-aged longshoreman into context. He then reveals that Eddie came to visit him in the first instance. I remember him now as he walked through my doorway his eyes were like tunnels. Which indicates that Eddie was out of control and looked fierce. Alternatively this could make the audience feel concerned towards his actions and what is to come next. It is the first time in the play that Alfieri transforms from being a narrator to actually a part of the action. As an actor taking part in the action, both his language and behaviour are more formal. In terms of language, Alfieri is more articulate and elevated; his sentences consist of professionalism and throughout this scene he is the voice of reason and sanity as opposed to the prejudiced and hurt Eddie. However Eddie is aggravated by Alfieris clear and focused attitude towards the law, as Eddie cannot differentiate between the law and the justice of the vendetta. But the law is very specific The law does not.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

The invention of the Human Essay -- Shakespeare Literature Papers

The Invention of the Human In his recent book, Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human (1998), Harold Bloom argues that Shakespeare’s characters provide the full measure of his continuing legacy. Shakespeare, Bloom maintains, created self-conscious characters who breathe life. Shakespeare’s characters are so alive, possess such "interiority," that they catch themselves looking at themselves. This quality is the essence of becoming human—to know we know, to be aware we are aware, to sense our own presence on the stage of life. Prior to Shakespeare’s ascendancy on the English stage, Bloom argues, there was no concept of the individual self, just types. These types persist in Shakespeare’s plays as residual stock characters displaying humours, like Malvolio (melancholic) and Hotspur (choleric). In Shakespeare these crude concepts of personality give way to major and minor characters who evolve and grow almost within themselves. They possess a special energy that touches all other characters within the play. But it is Bloom’s provocative remark, "Shakespeare invented us," that stretches us beyond our conditioned response to the plays and invites us to define a new relationship with Shakespeare. Bloom argues that Shakespeare so interpenetrates our consciousness and our cultural existence that we do not know the boundary between him and us. One suspects that we are receptive to Bloom’s idea because of the mysterious ambivalence of Shakespeare himself. Shakespeare’s elusive self, the stuff of Keats’s Negative Capability, may indeed be found in his 100 major characters and hundreds of minor personages dispersed through his histories, comedies, and tragedies. Bloom, however, takes Shakespeare and his characters out of dramatic con... ...al world of Elizabethan England—essential to an understanding of Shakespeare’s history plays can easily be lost if we regard the characters as existing beyond their origins. We cannot neglect the social, intellectual, and historical context in which the histories derive their meaning. Bloom asserts that the plays’ characters transcend their origins and operate in a universe that is still being created. We can appreciate his thesis as it reverberates through our consciousness. Bloom has successfully helped us secure a new relationship with Shakespeare and his dramatic art. At the same time, we must wonder if we can separate Shakespeare—and his characters—from the plays. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. New York: Riverhead Books, 1998. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997. The invention of the Human Essay -- Shakespeare Literature Papers The Invention of the Human In his recent book, Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human (1998), Harold Bloom argues that Shakespeare’s characters provide the full measure of his continuing legacy. Shakespeare, Bloom maintains, created self-conscious characters who breathe life. Shakespeare’s characters are so alive, possess such "interiority," that they catch themselves looking at themselves. This quality is the essence of becoming human—to know we know, to be aware we are aware, to sense our own presence on the stage of life. Prior to Shakespeare’s ascendancy on the English stage, Bloom argues, there was no concept of the individual self, just types. These types persist in Shakespeare’s plays as residual stock characters displaying humours, like Malvolio (melancholic) and Hotspur (choleric). In Shakespeare these crude concepts of personality give way to major and minor characters who evolve and grow almost within themselves. They possess a special energy that touches all other characters within the play. But it is Bloom’s provocative remark, "Shakespeare invented us," that stretches us beyond our conditioned response to the plays and invites us to define a new relationship with Shakespeare. Bloom argues that Shakespeare so interpenetrates our consciousness and our cultural existence that we do not know the boundary between him and us. One suspects that we are receptive to Bloom’s idea because of the mysterious ambivalence of Shakespeare himself. Shakespeare’s elusive self, the stuff of Keats’s Negative Capability, may indeed be found in his 100 major characters and hundreds of minor personages dispersed through his histories, comedies, and tragedies. Bloom, however, takes Shakespeare and his characters out of dramatic con... ...al world of Elizabethan England—essential to an understanding of Shakespeare’s history plays can easily be lost if we regard the characters as existing beyond their origins. We cannot neglect the social, intellectual, and historical context in which the histories derive their meaning. Bloom asserts that the plays’ characters transcend their origins and operate in a universe that is still being created. We can appreciate his thesis as it reverberates through our consciousness. Bloom has successfully helped us secure a new relationship with Shakespeare and his dramatic art. At the same time, we must wonder if we can separate Shakespeare—and his characters—from the plays. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. New York: Riverhead Books, 1998. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.

Monday, January 13, 2020

Labour relations Essay

Labour relations refers to the relations between employers and employees. They are affected by certain factors, including labour organizations, collective bargaining, labour market, government policy, the structure of the economy, labour law and technological change. Since industrial relations are regularly connected with unions, it is noteworthy that in Canada, until the 1970s, a greater part of unions and union members belonged to American-based craft and industrial unions. According to some observers, incidence of strikes has been very high and unusual in North American labour relations. Studies have also disclosed that the frequency of savagery and unlawfulness emerging out of labour disputes has been much higher in the US and Canada than in other comparably industrialized countries. They included the relatively recent development of large-scale â€Å"mass unionization,† a extensive deposit of pressure and common hostility arising from the boundless, extended and very ofte n violent opposition of employers to unions; intense organizational and leadership rivalries among unions; the highly decentralized structure of labour organization and collective bargaining in most industries; and the absence of a strong or dominant labour party capable of gaining power at the national level. The relative strength of organized labour in Canada was also affected by cultural and ethnic divisions among workers, especially the considerable gap between Francophone and Anglophones, which was symbolized by the development of the separate francophone confederation of national trade unions in Quà ©bec. Maintained geographic and political divisions also precluded effective unionization and often set the interests of the workers in one region against those in another. Politically, the labour movement had been divided since the turn of the century, when the trades and labour congress, backed by the American Federation of Labour, ousted the activist knights of labour. Disputes over conflicting beliefs, programs and organizational goals became less intense with the formation of the Canadian Labour Congress in 1956. Since then a lot of unions have subdued away from traditional American-controlled organizations in a drive for national sovereignty. Some are in the CLC and some in the Confederation of Canadian Unions. Government intercession is another factor progressively impacting labour relations. Since W.L. Mackenzie King, as federal deputy minister, presented the  Industrial Disputes Investigation Act of 1907 to curb western Canada’s militant coal-mine workers, governments in Canada have acted to maintain â€Å"law and order† and to protect employers’ property and latitude of action rather than to protect the rights of employees to organize and bargain collectively. This tendency is apparent in a history of expeditious resort to mandatory intrusion, such as back-to-work legislation and obligatory adjudication, to settle disputes. Canadian Labour Laws: Both Federal and Provincial Laws Canadian labour laws cover all employees in Canada with the majority (approximately 90%) covered under provincial labour laws. The remaining are secured under federal labour law through the Canada Labour Code. The labour laws varies from one province to another. Canadian labour laws and employment laws are quite challenging to employers doing business in Canada as these laws are constantly being modified. Furthermore, to these consistent progressions, those employers having business all around Canada, or in different provinces, are concerned to dissimilarity in the employment laws of the various provinces and territories. What can also add to the employment act disputes is the fact that both the federal and the provincial governments can have jurisdiction over labour and employment issues in a province depending on which industry the enterprise operates in. These labour acts and employment acts can be very confusing to new businesses to the Canadian labour environment, as well as for local businesses that are expanding from provincial markets into the Canadian national market for goods and services. The constant change associated with employment and labour law in Canada poses a significant challenge for employers doing business here. That test is intensified by the fact that employers with operations across Canada may be subject to differing employment laws in each province. Canada Labour Code (CLC): Federal Employment Law Canada Labour Law alludes predominantly to the Canada Labour Code (CLC) which is the labour law consolidated under a federal Act, and which regulates work undertaken by the federal government or business undertakings that falls under federal jurisdiction. This Code consists of three parts: 1. Industrial Relations: Deals with the general industrial relations aspects covering the union-management interaction, union official recognition, a difference declaration in those industries that fall under federal jurisdiction. 2. Occupational Health and Safety: Lays out the legislation covering workplace health and safety issues in areas under federal jurisdiction. 3. Standard Hours, Wages, Vacations and Holidays: This section interprets the federal employment standards which covers the conditions of employment such as operational hours, pay, common holidays, time off leave, layoffs, severance pay, and unreasonable dismissals, etc. Conclusion: Unions still have a place in Canadian Workplace. Labour unions engage in collective bargaining with employers to determine issues such as salary, the rules and regulations of labour, and employee security. Unions also take on in political activities on behalf of workers and have historically had ties to political parties, such as the New Democratic Party (NDP). Unionized workers in Canada include industrial and office workers and public employees in government administration, schools, and hospitals, engineers, professors, nurses, teachers, and other skilled workers. workforce are less expected to be unionized in private service-sector firms such as retail stores, restaurants, banks, and insurance companies, because employers in those areas have forcefully opposed unions. Labour organizations exist on a diversity of levels, from confined workplaces to global organizations. Reference JAMIESON, S. M. (2006). Labour Relations. Retrieved from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/labour-relations/#h3_jump_0 Canadian Labour Laws: Including Labour Relations Codes And Employment Laws. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.canadianlabourrelations.com/canadian-labour-laws.html Canada Labour Code: Federal Labour Relations Act And Regulations. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.canadianlabourrelations.com/canada-labour-code.html MacDowell, L. S. (2004). Labour Unions in Canada. Retrieved from http://autocww.colorado.edu/~toldy2/E64ContentFiles/HistoryOfTheAmericas/LaborUnionCanada060130.html

Sunday, January 5, 2020

One Word or Two Understanding Confusing Expressions

A common writing error occurs when students use the wrong version of a compound word or phrase. Its important to know the difference between everyday and every day because these expressions have very different meanings.   Improve your writing by learning the differences between expressions that are very similar but that fill very different roles when it comes to sentence structure. A Lot or Alot? â€Å"A lot† is a two-word phrase meaning very much. This is an informal expression, so you shouldn’t use it â€Å"a lot† in your writing. â€Å"Alot† is not a word, so you should never use it! It’s a good idea to avoid this expression altogether in formal writing. All Together or Altogether? Altogether is an adverb meaning completely, entirely, wholly, or considering everything. It often modifies an adjective. All together means as a group. The meal was altogether pleasing, but I would not have served those dishes all together. Everyday or Every Day? The two-word expression â€Å"every day† is used as an adverb (modifies a verb like wear), to express how often something is done: I wear a dress every day. The word â€Å"everyday† is an adjective that means common or ordinary. It modifies a noun. I was horrified when I realized Id worn an everyday dress to the formal dance. They served an everyday meal—nothing special. Never Mind or Nevermind? The word â€Å"nevermind† is often used in error for the two-word term â€Å"never mind.†Ã‚   The phrase â€Å"never mind† is a two-word imperative meaning â€Å"please disregard† or â€Å"pay no attention to that.† This is the version youll use most often in your life. Never mind that man behind the curtain. All Right or Alright? â€Å"Alright† is a word that appears in dictionaries, but it is a nonstandard version of â€Å"all right† and should not  be used in formal writing. To be safe, just use the two-word version. Is everything all right in there? Backup or Back Up? There are many compound words that confuse us because they sound similar to a verb phrase. In general, the verb form usually consists of two words and the similar compound word version is a noun or adjective. Verb: Please back up your work when using a word processor.Adjective: Make a backup copy of your work.Noun: Did you remember to make a backup? Makeup or Make Up? Verb: Make up your bed before you leave the house.Adjective: Study for your makeup exam before you leave the house.Noun: Apply your makeup before you leave the house. Workout or Work Out? Verb: I need to work out more often.Adjective: I need to wear workout clothing when I go to the gym.Noun: That jog gave me a good workout. Pickup or Pick Up? Verb: Please pick up your clothes.Adjective: Don’t use a pickup line on me!Noun: I’m driving my pickup to the mall. Setup or Set Up? Verb: Youll have to set up the chairs for the puppet show.Adjective: Unfortunately, there is no setup manual for a puppet show.Noun: The setup will take you all day. Wake-Up or Wake Up? Verb: I could not wake up this morning.Adjective: I should have asked for a wake-up call.Noun: The accident was a good wake-up.

Saturday, December 28, 2019

Privacy Of The Information Technology Essay - 1983 Words

Executive Summary Privacy of the information is under a threat because of information technology. Different security tools and security mechanisms are available to protect the privacy, but on the other hand the advanced technology is helping the intruders to violate the information security policies. Today the usage of information technology is on the peek and due to this, the people are using different features of the information technology in their personal life. The sharing of personal data and information is a routine work on websites and because of this routine, the personal information could be used for awful purposes. The business organizations are using security agents to monitor and to protect their data and information. Similarly, advanced technology is providing very advance security solutions as well to protect the privacy of the information. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Impact of technology on privacy 3 3. What differences has technology made in regards to privacy 4 4. Reasons behind certain organization to â€Å"spy† on people 4 5. Possible solutions to stop the technology from invading personal life 5 6. Conclusion and recommendation 6 7. References 7 1. Introduction Information technology is allowing the people to manage their daily life according to the requirements. Today, the technology is essential and considered a main communication method for business management, and transactions and many other fields. The dataShow MoreRelatedFuture Privacy Of Information Technologies1303 Words   |  6 PagesFuture Privacy of Information Technologies to Protect Personal Data In a modern life, from the minute a person is born, a digital record is created. 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Liina Kamm did her research on the InformationRead MoreInformation Technology Ethics - Privacy1698 Words   |  7 PagesPRIVACY †¢ Privacy has sometimes been described as: the right to be left alone, or the right to exercise control over one’s personal information, or a set of conditions necessary to protect our individual dignity and autonomy. †¢ Information Privacy- the way in which governments or organizations handle our personal information such as our age, address, sexual preference and so on. †¢ Financial Data – Personal financial data must be kept in its highest confidentiality in order to secure privateRead MoreA Brief Note On Privacy And Information Technology1807 Words   |  8 Pages Nikolay Solovyev Privacy in Information technology. Throughout this this class and our previous class we learned about ethics and information technology. Well privacy plays a big part in information technology. How it should be done, how some should act, and what is right and what is wrong. 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Millett, Editors, Committee on Privacy in the Information Age, National Research Council ISBN: 978-0-309-10392-3, 456 pages, 6 x 9, hardback (2007) This free executive summary is provided by the National Academies as part of our mission to educateRead More Technology - Privacy Issues with Web-Based Medical Information1688 Words   |  7 PagesPrivacy Issues with Web-Based Medical Information Abstract: With growing concerns about the privacy of personal medical information, the president has taken action and passed regulations attempting to protect this privacy. It should work well in traditional health care situations, but it questions still remain about how applicable it will be to health care on the web. A hacker downloads thousands of medical records from the University of Washington Medical School [1]. Eli Lilly andRead MorePrivacy Risks in the Digital Age1271 Words   |  6 PagesPrivacy in Digital Age The Risk of Digital Age Indeed, the Digital age has been considered as one of the greatest development of the world today. It has brought different benefits to the lives of people and catered all their needs and wants. As the world gets into crave for things that are â€Å"quick and easy†, the Digital Age had posed threat to people’s privacy and security (Meeks, 2000). The advancement in new technologies and gadgets should not only be considered as something good that came intoRead MoreWearable Technology And Data Privacy Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesComputer and Information Ethics December 12, 2016 Wearable Technology and Data Privacy The purpose of this research is to summarize conclusions based off consumer behavior attitudes towards wearable technology and data privacy issues. 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Friday, December 20, 2019

Prison Gangs And The Criminal Justice System - 2009 Words

Did you know that there are 1,150,000 gang members in the United States and that 24,250 of them are prison gangs, since the data research was done in May of 2017 (Statisticbrain.com)! You rarely hear about prison gangs because everything that goes on is inside the prison. When people do hear about prison gangs, it’s normally from a TV show or movie which leads the watchers to perceive prison gangs based on what they’ve watched. Typically, motorcycle gangs and street gangs are the most commonly heard about unlike prions gangs. I believe the public should be more aware of what prison gangs are, how they affect our society, the role social media plays, how they interact in the Criminal Justice System and ways we can improve the prison gangs†¦show more content†¦This is all do to the way the criminal justice system works, but as you can see in the 20th century, the Criminal Justice System isn’t working very well in when it comes to prison gangs in prisons. As we know of today, the Criminal Justice System consists of three main parts, the law enforcement, courts, and corrections. When it comes to prisons, the Criminal Justice Systems job is to convict and punish the guilty; which they are doing decent job by putting them away, to help the guilty/inmates to stop offending, and to most importantly protect the innocent. The ways prison gangs interact in the Criminal Justice System is that prison gangs have their own code of conduct that encourages them to be disobedient to prison rules. Whenever prison rules and gang codes conflict, gang members are going to obey their gang codes and not the prison rules. By them being disobedient to the prison rules, it’s bound to cause upsets and problems not only with inmates but the correctional officers as well. Prior to 1950, the prisons had way stricter rules, like they didn’t have contact with the outside world (visitations), wasn’t over crowded, and they didn’t really r un the prison like now a day prison gangs. Currently, prison gangs are creating a higher risk of violence because of their gang codes that require complete loyalty to the gang. In order to show their commitment to the gang they have to go through and pass aShow MoreRelatedPrison Gangs : The United States991 Words   |  4 PagesThe fact that prison gangs are not visible to the public makes them seem unknown to the public eye, however the pose the same threats to the United States as all other gangs. Prison gangs are also often written off and forgotten about by authorities due to fact that they are incarcerated. â€Å"Due to their seclusion from the public and their minimal visibility, prison gangs are difficult to target and are thus frequently overlooked as threat actors, which enables them to commit various crimes withoutRead MoreRace and Corrections845 Words   |  4 Pagesoffending, victimization, and all stages of the criminal justice process especially confinement. Overrep resentation alludes to a situation in which a greater part of a particular group is present at various stages within the justice system than would be expected based on its part in the general population (Rosich, 2007). Minorities have always had a larger population in the prison system and after the Civil War they were overrepresented in American prison. There are a few reasons as to why races areRead MorePrison Industrial Complex Economics And The United States1157 Words   |  5 Pagesother country. In the article â€Å"Prison Industrial Complex Economics†, it states, â€Å"the United States has approximately 6.5 million people under the criminal justice supervision. Incarcerated rate has grown from 176 in 1973 up to 700 in the year of 2000† (Waquant). Incarceration is a big business that feeds into drug violence, corrupted guards, and racism in criminal justice system, taxpayer cost, and racism in the criminal system and through privatization of prisons. Drug violence The United StatesRead MoreCorrections Trend Evaluation Essay1338 Words   |  6 PagesHopkins CJA-394 May 7, 2012 Hector Garcia Ed. D Abstract Throughout the United States, there are many correctional facilities that house thousands of inmates. Individuals who work within these facilities have a tough job in maintaining the prison facility and the inmates. Correctional officers are called the front line workers and are responsible for looking after the inmates. The officers who work for the correctional facility deal with issues that may arise inside and outside of the facilityRead MoreGANG VIOLENCE AND HARSH PENALTIES1465 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Chen March 20 2014 Gang Violence and Harsh Penalties The presence of gang violence has plagued the United States for many years. Although it is more active in some parts of the country than others, gang violence affects every American: either monetarily as a taxpayer or directly as a victim. Regardless, it is a concern of every individual; therefore, the criminal justice system has been addressing it for years in different ways. The approach of emphasizing harsh punishments has been implementedRead MoreBlack And Minority Ethnic Offenders1373 Words   |  6 Pageschanging landscape of the Criminal Justice System could improve the outcomes for Black, And Minority Ethnic offenders (BAME). Following the meeting Baroness Young met the Secretary of State for Justice to seek his support to establish a task group. The Justice Secretary requested that the review included Muslim Offenders. The investigation and subsequent Young Review led by Baroness Lola Young, examined why young black and Muslim offenders felt negatively stereotyped as either gang members or terroristRead MoreThe Incarceration Of Minority Youth883 Words   |  4 Pagesin the criminal justice system. For this reason there needs to be interventions available to this population to create a change in society. †¢ The changing number of adolescent and youth minority prisoners : The incarceration of minority youth is at a high as well as the cost for the imprisonment of them in their states, many of their offenses are non-violent. There is a need for initiatives to be created to reduce the numbers of imprisoned youths. Male youth of color are entering the criminal justiceRead MoreWomen And The Criminal Justice System976 Words   |  4 PagesWomen and Men in the Criminal Justice System Throughout history, the criminal justice system has mainly focused on men entering the criminal justice system rather than women. This is not portrayed largely by the media and society because it is not truly considered a highlight topic. Men and women face incarceration on a daily basis, causing them both to have different experiences based on their gender. The crimes and punishment faced by each gender is different and can affect the way society viewsRead MoreThe Failure Of The Modern Prison : Understanding The Politicization Of A Total Institution Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pages The Failure of the Modern Prison: Understanding the Politicization of a Total Institution Juan Valdes UTPB Dr. Joanna Hadjicostandi Sociology 1301 Fall Semester Are prisons effective total institutions or do they more commonly fail in their goal of resocialization? In considering the effectiveness of prisons as total institutions, it is critical to examine the degree to which they successfully rehabilitate those who spend time within their walls. While prisons most certainly protect citizensRead MoreDoes Prisons Really Work1038 Words   |  5 PagesLesson Never Learned It is often said â€Å"prisons work† but does it actually teach the inmates a lesson? Or does it just give criminals a holding place until their sentence is up? These questions come up often because of the security issues inside the prisons, the percentage rates of the inmates that end up back in prison, and taxes that affect the citizens of the community surrounded. In prison movies, the actors in the movies usually are thugs in prison for murder or drugs. But in reality there

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Renaissance, Reformation, and Enlightenment free essay sample

History is fluid and dynamic, shifting continuously from structure to structure. Between the years 1400 and 1800, there were many changes in the world: the Renaissance and Reformation brought their changes to the public life, the Age of Exploration opened and expanded an entire world, the enlightened became Enlightened, and Absolutism came and went its way. The Renaissance brought out the individual, and the Reformation gave it freedom. Before the Renaissance, a person’s greatest and in many cases only concern was with the afterlife – heaven or hell, purgatory or bliss. Life’s purpose was to prepare for the afterlife, and nothing more. However, Renaissance thinking (humanism) encouraged the individual to be brought to its furthest potential. Great â€Å"Renaissance Men† were those who dabbled diversely: Da Vinci was a painter, scientist, and inventor, and Michelangelo was a sculptor, architect, and painter. This influx of new ideas, especially those that concerned the prominence of the person, threatened the Church’s hitherto unquestioned authority. We will write a custom essay sample on Renaissance, Reformation, and Enlightenment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As the Church tightened its grip on society, more and more followers slipped away, and thus the Reformation was born. The Reformation freed the human being from the bonds of the tyrannical Church, but would have been unlikely without the Renaissance to have given it momentum. Reformation is not all the Renaissance sparked, however. It represented a human longing for knowledge, adventure, and exposure, a desire that manifested in the Age of Exploration. The Age of Exploration enlarged the known world, and showed many ways of life and peoples they had not known existed. Naval and navigation technology raced ahead, trade between nations caused exponential growth in the wealth of nations, and cultural exchange fostered diversity in civilization as yet unseen. The Age of Exploration brought the world further along the path of development and unity, changing it from a collection of small territories to great trade empires were culture and society were enhanced by diversity and awareness. Societal awareness and critique initiated the Enlightenment, starting in France with the Philosophes. The Enlightenment mainly consisted of a movement of political awareness, first through the nobles and high society and then through the people, punctuated and inspired by the writings of political theorists such as Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau. Their ideas provided the basis for successful modern forms of government, and inspired revolts against ruling systems that were considered archaic and oppressive. The Enlightenment represented the beginning of revolutionary thinking, and gave the people the courage and determination to govern themselves. Throughout time, the qualities demanded of a ruler have fluctuated as much as the course of history itself. Absolutism evolved as a result of congregating peoples into nations, calling for stronger, more steadfast rulers. This system of rule was at its height in the 17th and 18th centuries, and influenced the world course in peace and war.